BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is a protein of the neurotrophin family. It supports the survival of neurons, neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, and takes part in learning and memory.
What BDNF is
BDNF is produced by neurons and glial cells. It promotes the survival of nerve cells, enhances synaptic plasticity, supports the formation of new neurons and takes part in memory, learning and mood regulation. BDNF is especially abundant in the hippocampus — a key memory area.
BDNF, physical activity and cognition
Physical activity is the most reliable way to raise BDNF: aerobic exercise increases its production in the hippocampus. In experiments, blocking BDNF abolished the improvement in cognition from exercise. In older people, a rise in plasma BDNF after a workout is linked to better subsequent learning. BDNF acts as a link between energy metabolism and the work of synapses.
BDNF and brain aging
Reduced BDNF is linked to Alzheimer’s disease, depression and mild cognitive impairment; the genetic variant Val66Met affects its function. It is important to be precise: BDNF in the blood is an imperfect and variable marker, not used routinely in the clinic. But the fact that physical activity raises it is firmly established.
Calculate using this marker
Calculators where BDNF (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is used directly:
Frequently asked questions
How can BDNF be raised?
Regular aerobic physical activity is best proven. In addition, quality sleep, learning new things and, by some data, certain dietary and lifestyle factors are linked to BDNF levels. There are no “magic supplements” with proven effect.
Can BDNF be measured in a blood test?
Technically yes, but the level of BDNF in the blood fluctuates strongly and poorly reflects what is happening in the brain. So it is not used as a routine clinical marker — it is mainly a research tool.
Related terms
Sources
- BDNF as a metabotrophin mediating exercise effects on cognition (PMC)
- Exercise, BDNF and Alzheimer’s disease (PMC)